Tuesday, August 25, 2020

buy custom Multiculturalism and Crisis Intervention essay

purchase custom Multiculturalism and Crisis Intervention exposition This kind of guiding is a greater amount of cooperative advising approach. In spite of the fact that it is accepted that it is useful for an advocate to have foundation data about the gathering being advised, this isn't the situation as here and there it isn't vital in any way. The fact of the matter is that an issue which the patient has is identified with the way of life where one originates from may be general. At the point when the subject of multicultural ability comes in, the instructor is compelled to be one-sided. The usage of specialist information is seriously reliant on the state of the patients however not the way of life they originate from. Advisors ought to be profoundly qualified and ready to practice institutional intercession aptitudes for the benefit of the individuals henceforth applying guiding methodologies through helping members in distinguishing proof of whether the issue originates from predisposition or racial bias. Instructors associate with the individual s in the language favored by them and on the off chance that this is beyond the realm of imagination allude to an individual communicating in the language of the patient. For emergency to be comprehended, the gatherings included must meet and have systems on the best way to end the emergency. Taking care of a difficult that draws in a gathering of people isn't comprehending an individual emergency in light of the fact that the circumstance prompts outcome that influences other gathering individuals. This issue has prompted utilization of Eco foundational emergency illuminating model that incorporates the entire district or if nothing else a network. The gathering interceded ought to be impartial all together not to support any side. Generally, it incorporates the pioneer who ommunicates the advantages of scrupulous methodology of settling the issue to the influenced gathering. These conditions help to meet the manual for impact casualties on the significance of coming to an agreement; they should discussion of the positive effects towards the casualty concerned. The gathering mates should attempt to take the circumstance back to how it was before the emergency. Agreement between the gatherings is the motor, which supports force and choices to be distinguished and routed to the survivors of the emergency. The pioneer affecting agreement should realize how to deal with the issue concerning the influenced society that will advance conjunction between the ethnic gatherings. Putting together ones contentions with respect to multicultural view, multicultural guiding comparable to racial ethnicity is centered around mediocrity model or what might be named as obsessive system. This model perspectives the minorities or the blacks to be lower than the larger part or the whites on the transformative scale, along these lines end up being more pathology that is inborn. Multicultural viewpoint additionally expect the blacks, ethnic minority and other racial gathering to be lacking in alluring qualities. Subsequently, such distinction among minority and whites reflects hereditary and natural mediocrity. It follows that culture is accused as opposed to accusing quality that isn't normal to everyone. Aside from that, shortfall idea of social part is good for nothing because of that everyone in the general public acquires the way of life. The defender of multicultural view implies that ethnic and racial mminority doesn't have the correct culture. Subsequently, ethnic and racial highlights have demonstrated that minorities are naturally neurotic. Just individuals from a specific culture are tied up by convictions just as the advantages of the way of life. Socially developed gathering implies a few contrasts exist in different gatherings; such contrasts become significant for people groups worth in the public eye. Much of the time, various gatherings gain benefits when contrasted with others dependent on the recognizing of people on the ethnic or racial grounds. The differentiation concerning ethnic or racial distinction may happen for certain reasons. Be that as it may, the fundamental triggers are typically political, monetary and social forces figuring out who should join the gathering. The development of ethnic and racial chains of command to certain gatherings relies upon rivalry for better assets or the drive for advance benefit. These various leveled characterizations are using to create and set up predominance or authority of the gathering over others. The collaborations of a culture assume about inconsequential job in emergency goals. The exploration has indicated that emergency is one of a kind on the grounds that biological determinant of individual is one of a kind; in this manner, it assumes minor job in unraveling emergency issues. The thought of formative variables keeps up arrangement of the setting by the natural elements, which incorporate network assets and relational relationship. This snag makes it considerably progressively mind boggling, in this manner, prompting troubles in the goals. Purchase custom Multiculturalism and Crisis Intervention article

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Monopolies Good or Bad free essay sample

An imposing business model is a solitary organization that possesses all or almost the entirety of the business sectors for a sort of item or administration. An imposing business model is at the far edge of the market structure. It is the place there is no opposition for products or administrations and an organization can openly charge a cost or forestall advertise rivalry. Syndications have three worked in suppositions, one vender, no substitutes or rivalry, and amazingly high hindrances to section. Instances of imposing business models are open utilities and US Postal Service. So what are the social qualities of imposing business models? They go about as the single provider. The association can deal with the market by turning into the sole supplier of a decent or administration. The absence of rivalry leaves an organization with more noteworthy authority over the nature of creation. It likewise enables the organization to siphon up costs without the dread of being challenge by different organizations. We will compose a custom article test on Imposing business models Good or Bad or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This powers the client to either purchase from the imposing business model or do without. A syndication approaches particular data. By doing this, the organization keeps up full oversight over the market. This data may give the organization the advantage of exceptional creation rehearses. The particular data may likewise come as lawful tips with respect to trademarks, copyrights and licenses. Assuming responsibility for this unique data gives the organization an edge while leaving the entirety of its rivals off guard. An imposing business model has an exceptional item. The association oversees the market by offering an item or administration that is not normal for some other. The item or administration doesn't have a replacement. The organization may utilize specific data, for example, legitimate licenses, copyrights and trademarks so as to set up lawful authority over the creation of specific merchandise and enterprises. So over all are restraining infrastructures useful for the economy? Since restraining infrastructures are the main supplier, they can set essentially any value they pick. They can doâ this, paying little mind to the interest, since they realize the buyer must choose between limited options. Not exclusively would monopolies be able to raise costs, they can likewise gracefully mediocre items. Restraining infrastructures are additionally awful for an economy in light of the fact that the maker has no motivation to enhance, and give as good as ever items. Another explanation imposing business models are awful is that they can make expansion. Since they can set any value they need, they will raise expenses to buyers.

Friday, July 31, 2020

How to Create a Thesis Statement for an Informative Essay

How to Create a Thesis Statement for an Informative Essay When you are required to write an informative essay, in this paper you have to present facts about the subject by providing good evidence to support the argument. This paper doesnt require including your own opinion or arguing, it is just a statement of information that you should put logically. Writing an essay is not a simple task, but it is still possible to do if you know the main principles. In this guide, we will provide you with a lot of tips and instructions on how to write a thesis statement for an informative essay successfully. Keep reading and we hope you will create a bright and interesting work with a strong thesis. What is an informative thesis statement? A thesis statement is a very important part of your essay that proclaims the main idea of the entire work. Here are the main characteristics of a good thesis: It is very precise and clear, so when the audience read it, they can understand easily what the writer wanted to say; A good informative essay thesis statement would never start from a phrase “In my work, Id like to”, or with any similar sentence; A thesis statement is connected tightly to the topic of the work. The main aim and mission of a thesis statement Your thesis establishes the main point of your paper and allows readers to receive a deeper meaning of what your essay is about. It should be clear and concise, and you need to put it at the end of your introduction paragraph. Plus, it should entice the reader to read the entire paper. Each paragraph of the work should support a thesis statement. A successful informative thesis statement will: State what the author is going to explain in their essay. Outline the way of this explanation to the readers. Here are some thesis statement examples for informative essay: Example 1: The lifestyles of wild foxes include hunting for rabbits and other animals, living in their own communities and raising their young. We can see this is an informative thesis statement because it just stays facts about the lifestyles of foxes, so it doesnt require making a claim to prove or a stand to make. Example 2: In a movie “The Game” (1997), the main character is involved in a weird and mysterious game that makes his life quite different for several days. This informative thesis gives the readers information about the movie plot without too much information, but also involves them into reading more. How to write an informative thesis statement: step-by-step guide We suggest trying this effective strategy when creating your thesis statement. Choose a topic for your future paper. For example, a book Robinson Crusoe. Focus your topic (make it more concrete). For example, life on a desert island after a shipwreck in Robinson Crusoe. Now, narrow your topic by making a question. Example: What kind of life does Robinson Crusoe have on a desert island? The answer to this question is your thesis statement. Example: After a shipwreck, Robinson Crusoe appeared on the desert island and started to live there alone, trying to make his life more comfortable with many inventions. Errors to avoid when writing a thesis statement for an informative essay Your thesis cant be just a fragment; it should be a complete sentence to reflect a certain and complete thought. Unacceptable: How children learn to read. Acceptable: The best practice to teach kids to read is to make them interested in the process and keep them focused on it. You cannot put your thesis as a question (only the answer to the question can be a thesis sometimes). Unacceptable: Do rare birds need to be protected to save their population? Acceptable: Rare birds’ populations need to be protected, so people should think about this question to save the world of nature for future generations. Dont make your thesis too broad and uncertain. Unacceptable: Writers create their books using a special language. Acceptable: Many famous writers use a lot of elements like hyperbole, metaphor, etc. to make their books more interesting and exciting. When you are making a thesis statement, make sure it doesnt contain any unrelated element. Unacceptable: Many writers create books about the relationship, so they are good psychologists, too. Acceptable: In their attempt to understand the human nature, many writers try to reveal the complexity of the relationship between people. Never include phrases “I suppose”, “I think”, or “My opinion is” because it makes your argument weaker. Unacceptable: I think that Marilyn Monroe is a great movie star. Acceptable: Marilyn Monroe is a popular American actress, model, and singer that became a famous sex symbol of Hollywood. More tips how to make a thesis statement for an informative essay Here are more hints that may be very helpful in creating a thesis of your future paper. Focus on the subject. You have to put a lot of attention on the title of your work. Make sure you made a strong connection between the title and thesis. If the connection is weak, you wont be able to write a successful essay and get a high grade. Support the first paragraph. Your thesis should be put at the end of the introduction paragraph, so it should reflect and support it. In other words, your thesis should be connected to the introduction. Read successful informative thesis statement examples. This may help to those people that feel stuck with making their thesis. Set your goals. Remember that your readers should see the goals of your essay clearly. This is a very important moment, and your thesis statement can help you to lead your readers to this information. Hope we shared enough information about how to write a thesis statement for informative essay, and you will create a bright work with a good thesis. Follow our tips, and we assure that you will impress your readers with an interesting and professional work!

Friday, May 22, 2020

test bank Essay - 1790 Words

Chapter 2—Social Responsibility MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Stakeholders power over businesses stems from their a. ability to withdraw or withhold resources. b. ability to generate profits. c. media impact. d. political influence. e. stock ownership. ANS: A PTS: 1 2. Those who have a claim in some aspect of a firms products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes are known as a. shareholders. b. stockholders. c. stakeholders. d. claimholders. e. special-interest groups. ANS: C PTS: 1 3. Which of the following do not typically engage in transactions with a company and thus are not essential for its survival? a. Employees b. Secondary stakeholders c. Primary stakeholders d. Investors e.†¦show more content†¦ANS: A PTS: 1 15. Public health and safety and support of local organizations are issues most relevant to which stakeholder group? a. Investors b. Community c. Suppliers d. Customers e. Employees ANS: B PTS: 1 16. Minimizing the use of energy and reducing emissions and waste are issues of importance to which stakeholder? a. Environmental groups b. Suppliers c. Employees d. Industry leaders e. Investors ANS: A PTS: 1 17. The idea that the mission of business is to produce goods and services at a profit, thus maximizing its contribution to society is associated with a. Adam Smith. b. Theodore Levitt. c. Norman Bowie. d. Herman Miller e. Milton Friedman. ANS: E PTS: 1 18. The originator of the idea of the invisible hand, which is a fundamental concept in free market capitalism, was a. Adam Smith. b. Theodore Levitt. c. Norman Bowie. d. Herman Miller e. Milton Friedman. ANS: A PTS: 1 19. Some economists believe that if companies address economic and legal issues, they are satisfying the demands of society, and that trying to anticipate and meet additional needs would be almost impossible. Which economist’s theory are they following most closely with this belief? a. Adam Smith. b. Theodore Levitt. c. Norman Bowie. d. Herman Miller e. Milton Friedman. ANS: E PTS: 1 20. _____ argued that, although profits are required for business, profit is not the primaryShow MoreRelatedSmall Bank Community Development Test2121 Words   |  9 PagesAn intermediate small bank is also examined based on the small bank community development test. The community development test does not apply to a small bank that is not an intermediate small bank. The community development test is a four prong test including the following: †¢ The number and amount of community development loans; †¢ The number and amount of qualified investments; †¢ The extent to which the bank provides community development services; and †¢ The bank’s responsiveness through such activitiesRead MoreFinancial Markets and Institutions 5th Edition Test Bank by Saunders1057 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Markets and Institutions 5th edition Test Bank by Saunders Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/financial-markets-and-institutions/ Financial Markets and Institutions 5th edition Test Bank by Saunders Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/financial-markets-and-institutions/ Financial Markets and Institutions 5th edition Test Bank by Saunders Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/financial-markets-and-institutions/ Read MoreTest Bank2552 Words   |  11 Pagestransfer EXCEPT A) entering into a hold-harmless agreement. B) avoiding dangerous activities. C) hedging risk using futures contracts. D) incorporating a business. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 37) Curt borrowed money from a bank to purchase a fishing boat. He purchased property insurance on the boat. Curt had difficulty making loan payments because he did not catch many fish, and fish prices were low. Curt intentionally sunk the boat, collected from his insurer, and paid offRead Moretest bank16982 Words   |  68 Pagess judgment of a product s performance in relation to his or her expectations. A) satisfaction B) value C) comparison shopping D) loyalty E) expectations 67) ______ 68) If a marketer decides to use warehouses, transportation companies, banks, and insurance companies to facilitate transactions with potential buyers, the marketer is using what is called a ________. A) distribution channel B) brand channel C) relationship channel D) service channel E) intermediary channel 68) ______ Read MoreTest Bank5355 Words   |  22 Pagesï » ¿Project Management: Achieving Competitive Advantage, 3e (Pinto) Chapter 1 Introduction: Why Project Management? 1.1 True/False Questions 1) Projects, rather than repetitive tasks, are now the basis for most value-added in business. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Section: 1.0 Introduction Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 2) Projects are typically ongoing, day-to-day activities that have goods and services as outputs. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Section: 1.1 What Is a Project? Skill:Read MoreTest Bank3324 Words   |  14 PagesCHAPTER 1 Introduction Practice Questions Problem 1.8. Suppose you own 5,000 shares that are worth $25 each. How can put options be used to provide you with insurance against a decline in the value of your holding over the next four months? You should buy 50 put option contracts (each on 100 shares) with a strike price of $25 and an expiration date in four months. If at the end of four months the stock price proves to be less than $25, you can exercise the options and sell the sharesRead Moretest bank Essay5473 Words   |  22 Pagesstrategic management Capsule 1.5 SWOT SC01.03 In a large US steel firm, the corporate planning process in 1965 could be described as: a- Integration of division strategic plans, iteration between divisions and the headquarters, and contact of banks to explore the best deal for providing capital b- Forecast of demand, determination of targets for each district, determination of need for additional production capacities, decision from top executives, and investment c- Marketing analysis, estimationRead MoreAccounting Test Bank4528 Words   |  19 PagesQuestion 36 Taxable income of a corporation Correct Answer: differs from accounting income due to differences in interperiod allocation and permanent differences between the two methods of income determination. Question 37 Correct Answer: III Question 38 Interperiod income tax allocation causes Correct Answer: tax expense shown on the income statement to equal the amount of income taxes payable for the current year plus or minus the change in the deferred tax asset or liabilityRead MoreBaker Test Bank6049 Words   |  25 Pagesand the fair value of the reporting unit is determined to be 260,000. Required: 1) Explain how goodwill is tested for impairment for a reporting unit. 2) Determine the amount, if any, of impairment loss to be recognized at December 31, 2008. 1) To test for the impairment of goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of that reporting unit is considered unimpaired. On the otherRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesprovide a service C) enter new a new market D) develop brand loyalty E) position its product Answer: E Page Ref: 10 Objective: 3 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Moderate 34) If a marketer uses warehouses, transportation companies, banks, and insurance companies to facilitate transactions with potential buyers, the marketer is using a ________. A) service channel B) distribution channel C) communication channel D) relationship channel E) standardized channel Answer: A Page

Sunday, May 10, 2020

The Election Of John Fitzgerald Kennedy And Richard...

Democrats versus Republicans face off once again in the year of 1960. The election of 1960 was a nasty election that broke the bond between two friends. John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Richard Milhous Nixon were the main two candidates in the election. With both candidates having political experience, anyone of them could become the 35th President of the United States. Before the 1960 election, Nixon had been elected to serve in the House of Representatives and the Senate at the age of 43. He was also Vice President under the Eisenhower administration and was the second youngest in history. Kennedy was also a Senator at the age of 35. He was also known as handsome, debonair, witty and a decorated war hero. Surprisingly, Kennedy and Nixon were hall mates. Years before the election, Kennedy and Nixon were considered as acquaintances. Nixon and many others believed that Kennedy would not get the nomination because he had Addison’s disease and was Catholic. John Connally had called a press conference to let reporters know that he had Addison’s disease and he would eventually die from it. Due to being Catholic, Kennedy had many hardships getting the nomination and becoming the President. Without the support of Nixon and others, Kennedy had won the Wisconsin Primary but was denied the victory because of his religion. The lost however did not stop Kennedy. He moved on till the next state and got the Democratic nomination in the election. Nixon had many supporters along with someShow MoreRelatedThe Presidential Election of 1960 Essay1986 Words   |  8 PagesThe Presidential Election of 1960 The presidential election that took place in 1960 was an interesting one. Newcomer, John F. Kennedy verses the Vice President, Richard M. Nixon. It was experimental with its trail of televised debates. It also marked the second in which a catholic had run for president and more importantly the first in which a catholic attained victory. John F. Kennedy, of Irish decent, was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on May 29,1917. He entered the Navy, after graduationRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1904 Words   |  8 PagesTruman distrusted Ho Chi Minh due to Ho Chi Minh’s Communist ideology, although they were not great in personal terms with the French government either. Presidents John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Lyndon Baines Johnson started and expanded the military involvement of the United States in Vietnam respectively. President Richard Milhous Nixon decided to end the United States’ involvement and withdrew troops essentially leaving United States’ ally in the conflict; South Vietnam in the cold. President GeraldRead MoreThe Most Controversial American Presidents9333 Words   |  38 Pages4 I.2 Presidency 5 I.3 Retirement and death 6 Chapter II. Abraham Lincoln 7 II.1 Early life and education 7 II.2 Presidency and the Civil War 8 II.3 Assassination 13 Chapter III. J. F. Kennedy 15 III.1 Early life and education 15 III.2 Presidency 17 III.3 Assassination 19 Chapter IV. Richard Nixon 21 IV.1 Early life and education 21 IV.2 Presidency 22 IV.3 Death and funeral 23 Chapter V. Theodore Roosevelt 24 V.1 Early life and education 24 V.2 Presidency 1901–1909 25 V.3 Later years

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Nz Fitness Industry Free Essays

Within New Zealand a growing number of people are using the fitness industry as a convenient means of improving and maintaining their well-being. In recent times a market boom has taken place with more and more gyms being built throughout the country, and with them new business opportunities arising. One of the most renown gyms in New Zealand, Les Mills is an example of one of these modern business franchises. We will write a custom essay sample on Nz Fitness Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the 43 years since Phillip Mills family started running their first Les Mills gym in New Zealand, the gym has since gone international with over 14,000 gyms now spread throughout 75 countries worldwide and an estimated net worth of (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ) (citation). It is estimated that in New Zealand alone the gym industry generated over (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ) in 2008 (citation). Along with the increase in gyms being established a large proportion of the fitness industry is now focusing on nutrition as an additional market for generating profit. This report serves to analyse and interpret both individual markets along with relevant figures, and will outline the potential future business prospects for investment or creating a new franchise in both markets. New Zealand has a large fitness industry as exercise has become a very important part of everyday life. Today’s gym goers are opting for low frills operators trading away high end services in favour of convenience, price and flexible contracts. With more than 10% of New Zealand’s population now seeing an exercise professional regularly, there is a total of 400,000 people on average seeing 1500 exercise professionals on a regular basis. (cited) Some of the top gyms in New Zealand are Les Mills, Next generation and Jetts. Les Mills has a competitive advantage of having fun while exercise via the fitness classes that are suitable for all ages and sizes, such as Body Combat. Les Mills is a large firm that has privately owned companies headquarters in Auckland only which are valued at $130 million. Les Mills believes that by 2020 they will open a further of 10 gyms in Auckland (cited Mills). The health and fitness market has been described as blandly premium as there is little deffirentiation between service offerings, indicating that there is opportunity for competitive advantage to be achieved through quality. In order to open a new franchise sufficient funds must be available. Competition exist with a newly opened Les Mills Britomart, which was set up with a total cost of $10 million dollars. Margins are very slim for smaller gyms, so would need to be a large player to be successful. How to cite Nz Fitness Industry, Papers Nz Fitness Industry Free Essays Within New Zealand a growing number of people are using the fitness industry as a convenient means of improving and maintaining their well-being. In recent times a market boom has taken place with more and more gyms being built throughout the country, and with them new business opportunities arising. One of the most renown gyms in New Zealand, Les Mills is an example of one of these modern business franchises. We will write a custom essay sample on Nz Fitness Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the 43 years since Phillip Mills family started running their first Les Mills gym in New Zealand, the gym has since gone international with over 14,000 gyms now spread throughout 75 countries worldwide and an estimated net worth of (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ) (citation). It is estimated that in New Zealand alone the gym industry generated over (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ) in 2008 (citation). Along with the increase in gyms being established a large proportion of the fitness industry is now focusing on nutrition as an additional market for generating profit. This report serves to analyse and interpret both individual markets along with relevant figures, and will outline the potential future business prospects for investment or creating a new franchise in both markets. New Zealand has a large fitness industry as exercise has become a very important part of everyday life. Today’s gym goers are opting for low frills operators trading away high end services in favour of convenience, price and flexible contracts. With more than 10% of New Zealand’s population now seeing an exercise professional regularly, there is a total of 400,000 people on average seeing 1500 exercise professionals on a regular basis. (cited) Some of the top gyms in New Zealand are Les Mills, Next generation and Jetts. Les Mills has a competitive advantage of having fun while exercise via the fitness classes that are suitable for all ages and sizes, such as Body Combat. Les Mills is a large firm that has privately owned companies headquarters in Auckland only which are valued at $130 million. Les Mills believes that by 2020 they will open a further of 10 gyms in Auckland (cited Mills). The health and fitness market has been described as blandly premium as there is little deffirentiation between service offerings, indicating that there is opportunity for competitive advantage to be achieved through quality. In order to open a new franchise sufficient funds must be available. Competition exist with a newly opened Les Mills Britomart, which was set up with a total cost of $10 million dollars. Margins are very slim for smaller gyms, so would need to be a large player to be successful. How to cite Nz Fitness Industry, Essay examples

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

The Nuremberg Trials Essays - , Term Papers

The Nuremberg Trials The Trial at Nuremberg During World War II the Allies were determined that both Hitler and the men around him should be punished for starting World War II and the crimes they had committed while they were waging it. These crimes included the extermination of the Jewish people of Europe known as the Holocaust or the Shoah. After some debate it was decided that the fairest way to proceed was the public trial of the men and organizations who committed the crimes. At the most famous of these, the Nuremberg Trial, , and that had been organized to carry out the Nazi programs, were placed on trial for their crimes. Martin Bormann was tried in absentia. Additionally Robert Ley was charged as a defendant but committed suicide before the trial, and Gustav Krupp, who was named in the indictments, was found to be medically unfit to stand trial. Many of the leading Nazis, such as Hitler, Himmler, and Goebbels, were not present at the Nuremberg Trial because they has committed suicide at the end of the war. The first step was to agree upon the rules for the trial. They adopted a of the four Allies (the United States, Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union). The defendants were given the right to be represented by counsel, call witnesses, and present evidence in their own behalf. They were not given the right to a jury trial which was part of the law only in Great Britain and the United States. Finally, after all the evidence was presented, the defendants were permitted to make statements to the court without being sworn or cross-examined. The next step was the , a statement of the charges against each defendant. The Allies charged the defendants with four types of crimes: conspiracy against peace, crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The Allies stated that the Nazis, when they started the war, had deliberately broken the treaties that Germany had signed. The Holocaust was included as part of the crimes against humanity. Not all of the defendants were charged under all counts of the indictment. Doenitz, Raeder, and Schacht were not accused of participating in the Holocaust. The trial was held before a panel of judges selected by the Allies called the and presided over by a British judge named Lord Lawrence. The Allies presented their evidence which consisted almost entirely of the words and documents of the Nazis themselves. During the investigation that led up to the trial, the U.S. and British investigators had discovered literally tons of documents which proved the charges against the defendants. The decision was made, therefore, to rely on the words of the defendants themselves in the trial. Certain witnesses were presented to flesh out the evidence. This is especially true in the case against the concentration camps where witnesses ranging from a member of the French parliament -- who had been imprisoned as a slave laborer at Auschwitz -- to an American army officer who had been imprisoned at Buchenwald testified. Several Nazi officers also testified about how the Holocaust occurred. Although the French and the Soviets were originally supposed to present the case on the crimes against humanity, the Americans and British had presented a lot of evidence about the Holocaust when they presented evidence. In fact, by the time the Soviets started to present their case one of the judges, Lord Birkett of Great Britain, was restless because he thought the testimony was unnecessary -- the case had been proven over and over again. The final phase of the trial was the defendants' cases. The defendants actually took more time in the court than the prosecutors. Although the defenses varied most either stated that they not involved in the Holocaust or did not know it was happening. All of the defendants testified at length and presented witnesses. One of the most important witnesses about the Holocaust, Rudolf H (or Hoess), the commandant of Auschwitz, was actually called as a witness for the defense. The judges had a hard time deliberating about whether the defendants were guilty and what punishments should be meted out to those who were guilty. The French judge, DeVabres, was not convinced that any of the defendants should be found guilty on the charge of conspiracy because that concept was not found in French or German law. In the final , three defendants, Von Papen, Schacht, and Fritzche, were acquitted entirely. Eleven others were acquitted of some